In 2012, California Governor Jerry Brown signed the first law in the nation prohibiting state-licensed therapists from trying to change the sexual orientation or gender expression of a patient under 18 years old. Every leading medical and mental health organization in the country has warned that these practices do not work and put young people at risk of serious harm, including depression, substance abuse, and suicide. NCLR and Equality California, the state’s leading LGBTQ political organization, were the primary organizational sponsors of the law, authored by Senator Ted Lieu.

In 2013, NCLR worked with local advocates in New Jersey to pass Assembly Bill 3371—a law modeled off California’s groundbreaking Senate Bill 1172. On August 19 of that year, Governor Chris Christie signed the nation’s second law prohibiting state-licensed therapists from practicing anti-LGBT conversion therapy on those under 18 years old. Though every major medical and mental health organization has cautioned that attempts to change a young person’s sexual orientation or gender identity are ineffective and harmful, some mental health practitioners licensed by the state continue to exploit parents and youth by falsely claiming they can prevent a child from growing up to be LGBT.

Noting the American Psychological Association’s warning that these practices put young people at risk of serious harm, including depression, substance abuse, social withdrawal, decreased self-esteem, and even suicide, Governor Christie emphasized that he was signing the bill because of his concern about “exposing children to these health risks without clear evidence of benefits that outweigh these serious risks.”

Immediately after the bill became law, the same anti-LGBTQ legal group that challenged the California bill filed a federal lawsuit challenging the new law on behalf of New Jersey therapists and parents that support the use of these harmful practices. NCLR intervened in those lawsuits to help the New Jersey Attorney General defend the law and protect young people from this psychological abuse. The U.S. District Court in New Jersey upheld the law, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed that decision. The U.S. Supreme Court declined to review the Third’s Circuit’s ruling.

On August 19, 2013, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie signed the nation’s second law prohibiting state-licensed therapists from trying to change the sexual orientation or gender identity of a patient under 18 years old. An anti-LGBTQ legal group immediately filed a federal lawsuit challenging the new law on behalf of two New Jersey therapists and two organizations that support conversion therapy.

In 2012, NCLR helped draft and pass a groundbreaking law in California that prohibits licensed mental health practitioners from trying to change a young person’s sexual orientation or gender expression. Sometimes called “reparative therapy,” these dangerous practices by therapists put youth at risk of severe depression, suicide, and drug and alcohol abuse.

Every major medical and mental health organization has warned that attempts to change a young person’s sexual orientation are ineffective and harmful, but some licensed therapists continue to lie to parents and youth falsely claiming they can prevent a child from being LGBT. When Governor Jerry Brown signed Senate Bill 1172 into law, he rightly said that these non-scientific practices should “be relegated to the dustbin of quackery.” As soon as the bill became law, it was challenged in court by therapists and parents claiming they have a constitutional right to subject children to these harmful practices. NCLR has intervened in those lawsuits to help the California Attorney General protect young people from this abuse.

Read more about the case that unsuccessfully challenged this law.